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Daphalian phonology (and orthography)

Alphabet

A [äː]
B [be̞ː]
C [se̞ː]
D [de̞ː]
E [e̞ː]
F [ɛ̝ɸ]
G [ɣe̞ː]
H [häː]
I [i]
J [je̞ː]
K [käː]
L [ɛ̝l]
M [ɛ̝m]
O [o̞ː]
P [pe̞ː]
Q [kyː]
R [ɛ̝ɐ̯]
S [ɛ̝s]
T [te̞ː]
U [y]
V [βe̞ː]
W [ʋeː]
X [iks]
Y [ˈipsilɔ̝n]
Z [(t͡)sɛ̝t]

There are no special letters with diacritics in standard Daphalian orthography.
 
 
Consonants

/b/ - bei
/β/ - vern
/ç/ - ich⁽¹⁾
/ɕ/ - scheun
/d/ - dann
/(d͡)ʑ/ - Dschongel⁽²⁾
/ɸ/ - Fietz
/ɣ/ - goei
/h/ - habben
/j/ - Jaer
/ʝ/ - Gebied⁽¹⁾
/k/ - kann
/l/ - Leven
/m/ - Mann
/n/ - Naem
/ɲ/ - Oranje
/ŋ/ - lang⁽³⁾
/p/ - Person
/(p͡)ɸ/ - Pfeffer⁽²⁾
/ɾ/ - Rass
/s/ - Stadt
/t/ - Taller
/(t͡)ɕ/ - Duitsch⁽²⁾
/(t͡)s/ - Zeid⁽²⁾
/ʋ/ - was
/x/ - acht
/z/ - diese

(0) Most Standard Daphalian dialects do not devoice final obstruents. Exceptions exist with /β/ and /z/, however: they are systematically devoiced and become /ɸ/ and /s/, reflected in orthography as ⟨-f⟩ and ⟨-s⟩.
(1) /ç/, /ʝ/ are respectively allophones of /x/, /ɣ/ after front vowels, /ɐ/, and non-nasal consonants. Their pronunciation at the initial position is less fixed; rule of thumb in standardized Daphalian provides /k/, /ɣ/; but /ç/, /ʝ/ occur in many cases before non-open front and central vowels.
(2) Some speakers subject affricates to deaffrication, which become fricatives. This phenomenon is most prominent with the two frequent native affricates, /p͡ɸ/ and /t͡s/: they change into /ɸ/ and /s/, respectively.
(3) /ŋ/ is a limited phoneme. However, unlike most Germanic dialects, it exists to some extent, such that the sequence ⟨ng⟩ is always pronounced [ŋ] (and not *[ŋɣ]) in intervocalic positions.
 
 
Vowels

Close vowels

Mid vowels

Open vowels

Diphthongs

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